LEADER 00000cam  2200709Ii 4500 
001    ocn892094150 
003    OCoLC 
005    20180130105531.2 
006    m     o  d         
007    cr cnu---unuuu 
008    141003s2014    gau     ob   s001 0 eng d 
019    961584067|a962643459 
020    9780820347844|q(electronic bk.) 
020    0820347841|q(electronic bk.) 
035    (OCoLC)892094150|z(OCoLC)961584067|z(OCoLC)962643459 
040    N$T|beng|erda|epn|cN$T|dYDXCP|dEBLCP|dE7B|dP@U|dOCLCQ
       |dOCLCO|dOCLCQ|dOCLCF|dOCLCO|dCOO|dOCLCO|dCOCUF|dCCO
       |dPIFAG|dZCU|dMERUC|dU3W 
043    n-us-sc 
049    GTKE 
050  4 F279.P37|bB87 2014 
082 04 975.7/99|223 
084    HIS036040|aHIS036060|aSOC001000|aPOL004000|2bisacsh 
100 1  Burton, Orville Vernon,|eauthor. 
245 10 Penn Center :|ba history preserved /|cOrville Vernon 
       Burton with Wilbur Cross ; foreword by Emory Campbell. 
264  1 Athens :|bUniversity of Georgia Press,|c2014. 
300    1 online resource 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
504    Includes bibliographical references and index. 
505 0  Chapter 1. Penn School Begins amidst War -- Chapter 2. 
       Penn School from Reconstruction to 1901 -- Chapter 3. Penn
       Normal, Industrial, and Agricultural School -- Chapter 4. 
       Penn Center and the Civil Rights Movement -- Chapter 5. 
       Penn as a Center of Preservation and Sustainability -- 
       Chapter 6. Penn as a Center of Gullah Preservation -- 
       Appendix: Beaufort County and St. Helena Subdivision 
       Population Data. 
520 2  "For more than 150 years, the Penn Center, located on St. 
       Helena Island, South Carolina, has been an epicenter of 
       African American education, historic preservation, and 
       social justice for tens of thousands of descendants of 
       formerly enslaved West Africans living in the Sea Islands.
       Founded in 1862 in the midst of the Civil War after the 
       island was secured by Union troops, the Penn School was 
       established by two Northern missionaries, Laura M. Towne 
       and Ellen Murray, to provide a formal education for former
       slaves who formed the nucleus of the coastal Gullah 
       Geechee community. Burton and Cross examine the intricate 
       history and evolution of the Penn Center over the past 150
       years and place it in its modern context. In 1901, the 
       Penn School expanded to become the Penn Normal, 
       Agricultural and Industrial School after adopting the 
       industrial arts curriculum taught at Hampton and Tuskegee 
       Institutes. The educational training stood at the 
       forefront of progressivism and reform as it helped to 
       advance an entire generation and community into the 
       Industrial Age after slavery. This project makes a 
       tremendous contribution with its examination of Penn 
       Center's role in the Civil Rights Movement: it was the 
       only location in South Carolina where interracial groups, 
       including Dr. King's Southern Christian Leadership 
       Conference and the Peace Corps, could have safe sanctuary 
       in an era of mandated segregation. During the Sea Island 
       resort boom of the mid- to late-20th century, the Penn 
       Center was instrumental in preserving land on St. Helena. 
       Since 1974, the campus of seventeen historic structures 
       and eight other sites has been designated a National 
       Historic Landmark District, one of only four in the state 
       of South Carolina, and the only African American historic 
       district so named"--|cProvided by publisher. 
588 0  Print version record. 
610 20 Penn Center Historic District (Saint Helena Island, S.C.)
       |xHistory. 
610 20 Penn Center of the Sea Islands|xHistory. 
610 27 Penn Center Historic District (Saint Helena Island, S.C.)
       |2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01928176 
610 27 Penn Center of the Sea Islands.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00741420 
650  0 Gullahs|zSouth Carolina|zSaint Helena Island|xHistory. 
650  0 African Americans|xEducation|zSouth Carolina|zSaint Helena
       Island|xHistory. 
650  0 Social movements|zSouth Carolina|zSaint Helena Island
       |xHistory. 
650  0 Social justice|zSouth Carolina|zSaint Helena Island
       |xHistory. 
650  0 Historic preservation|zSouth Carolina|zSaint Helena Island
       |xHistory. 
650  7 HISTORY|zUnited States|xState & Local|xSouth (AL, AR, FL, 
       GA, KY, LA, MS, NC, SC, TN, VA, WV)|2bisacsh 
650  7 African Americans|xEducation.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00799600 
650  7 Gullahs.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00949329 
650  7 Historic preservation.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00957821 
650  7 Race relations.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01086509 
650  7 Social conditions.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01919811 
650  7 Social justice.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01122603 
650  7 Social movements.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01122657 
651  0 Saint Helena Island (S.C.)|xHistory. 
651  0 Saint Helena Island (S.C.)|xSocial conditions. 
651  0 Saint Helena Island (S.C.)|xRace relations. 
651  7 South Carolina|zSaint Helena Island.|2fast
       |0(OCoLC)fst01242119 
655  0 Electronic books. 
655  7 History.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01411628 
700 1  Cross, Wilbur,|eauthor. 
700 1  Campbell, Emory S.|q(Emory Shaw),|d1941-|eauthor of 
       foreword. 
776 08 |iPrint version:|aBurton, Orville Vernon.|tPenn Center
       |z9780820326023|w(DLC)  2014008627|w(OCoLC)876432051 
914    ocn892094150 
994    92|bGTK