Here are entered works discussing auxiliary, sometimes mixed, languages used among groups having no other language in common. Works discussing languages resulting from the intermingling of phonological, grammatical and/or lexical elements from different languages in areas of intensive language contact are entered under the heading Languages, Mixed. Works discussing lingua francas which are native to none of those using them and are characterized by a simplified grammar and often mixed vocabulary are entered under the heading Pidgin languages. Works discussing pidgin languages that have become established as the native language of a speech community are entered under the heading Creole dialects.
