Affirmative action : the concept and the controversy -- Early efforts focusing on equality of opportunity -- Affirmative action and preferential selection -- Assessing the argument : a review of the case for affirmative action -- The Supreme Court and affirmative action : an examination of the early development of statutory and constitutional constraints -- Cases from 1995 to 2003 : challenges, uncertainty, and the survival of affirmative action -- Evidence on the effectiveness of affirmative action -- Affirmative action in the Twenty-first century.