Introduction: back to basics. Why a theory? ; Why a democratic theory? ; Why focus on education? ; Translating theory into practice -- States and education. The family state ; The state of families ; The state of individuals ; A democratic state of education -- The purposes of primary education. Deliberation and democratic character ; Amoralism ; Liberal neutrality ; Moralism ; Parental choice -- Dimensions of democratic participation. Levels of democratic control ; Democratic professionalism ; Teachers' unions ; Democracy within schools -- The limits of democratic authority. Banning and approving books ; Teaching creationism and civics ; Sex education and sexist education ; Private schools ; Dissent within public schools ; Separating moral from religious education ; Limiting the limits -- Distributing primary schooling. Interpreting equal educational opportunity ; Financing public schools ; Educating the disadvantaged ; Integrating schools ; The demands of democratic opportunity -- The purposes of higher education. Academic freedom and freedom of the academy ; Educating officeholders ; Fostering associational freedom -- Distributing higher education. Nondiscrimination ; Racial discriminations ; Compensatory college education ; Funding higher education -- Extramural education. Outside of families and schools ; Libraries ; Television and democratic education ; Television and democratic culture ; New technology -- Educating adults. Adults and democratic culture ; Adults and higher education ; Illiteracy: back again to basics -- Conclusion: the primacy of political education. Discretion in work and participation in politics ; Political education ; Democratic education and democratic theory.