LEADER 00000cam a2200565Mi 4500 001 on1395181740 003 OCoLC 005 20231120213021.0 006 m o d 007 cr cnu|||||||| 008 230826s2023 enk o ||| 0 eng d 019 1394973554|a1409048922 020 9780192888167 020 0192888161 020 |z0192888048 020 |z9780192888044 020 0192888153 020 9780192888150 035 (OCoLC)1395181740|z(OCoLC)1394973554|z(OCoLC)1409048922 040 EBLCP|beng|erda|cEBLCP|dYDX|dOCLCQ|dSTBDS|dSFB|dOCLCO 043 e------ 049 STJJ 050 4 KJC5132 082 04 341.48094 100 1 Stoyanova, Vladislava,|eauthor 245 10 Positive Obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights :|bWithin and Beyond Boundaries. 264 1 Oxford :|bOxford University Press, Incorporated,|c2023. 300 1 online resource (319 pages) 336 text|btxt|2rdacontent 337 computer|bc|2rdamedia 338 online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 347 data file|2rda 500 Description based upon print version of record. 500 Introduction 504 Includes bibliographical references and index. 505 0 Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- Contents -- Table of Cases -- Introduction -- 1 Deconstructing Positive Obligations -- Introduction -- 1.1 The State as an Institutional Mediator -- 1.2 Justifications for Positive Obligations -- 1.3 Plurality of Obligations Owed by the State -- 1.4 Priority of Rights as Organizational Principles -- 1.5 Trigger, Scope, Content, and Types of Positive Obligations -- Conclusion - - 2 State Knowledge -- Introduction -- 2.1 The Role of Fault in State Responsibility -- 2.2 Triggering and Breach of Positive Obligations under ECHR 505 8 2.3 Actual Knowledge versus Putative Knowledge -- 2.3.1 Different Possible Ways of Assessing Putative Knowledge -- 2.3.2 State Knowledge Necessarily Implies Normative Assessment -- 2.4 Assessment of Knowledge -- 2.5 No Benefit of Hindsight -- 2.6 Burden of Proof -- 2.7 The Nature and the Level of Risk -- 2.7.1 The 'Real and Immediate Risk' Standard -- 2.7.2 Man-made versus Natural Harms -- 2.8 Contributory Fault of the Victim -- Conclusion -- 3 Causation -- Introduction -- 3.1 The Role and the Standard of Causation -- 3.2 Control and Causation -- 3.2.1 The Rules on Attribution 505 8 3.2.2 The Role of Control and the Extension of the Logic of the Rules on Attribution -- 3.2.3 Control and Prevention of State-inflicted Harm -- 3.2.4 Assumption of Control in the Area of Public Services -- 3.2.5 Source of the Harm and the Related Level of Control -- 3.2.6 Assumption of Control over the Victim -- 3.3 Techniques for Avoiding Causation -- 3.3.1 Domestic Legality -- 3.3.2 Procedural Protection -- 3.4 Technique for Limiting Responsibility when Causation is Present -- Conclusion -- 4 Reasonableness -- Introduction -- 4.1 Intertwinement with Knowledge and Causation 505 8 4.1.1 Weak Causation Counterbalanced by the Reasonableness Standard -- 4.1.2 Strong Causation Counterbalanced by the Reasonableness Standard -- 4.1.3 Reasonableness and Immediacy of the Risk -- 4.1.4 The Importance and the Justifiability of the Analytical Distinctions -- 4.2 Consideration of Alternative Protective Measures -- 4.2.1 Levels of Abstraction/Concreteness and the Burden of Proof -- 4.2.2 Place and Formulation of the Alternative -- 4.2.3 The Standard of Protectiveness -- 4.3 Margin of Appreciation -- 4.3.1 Delineation between Structural Deference and Appreciation of Alternatives 505 8 4.3.2 Scrutiny in the Appreciation of Alternatives -- Conclusion -- 5 Competing Obligations -- Introduction -- 5.1 Specification for Tensions to Become Cognizable -- 5.2 The Distinction between General Interests and Interests that Form the Basis of Human Rights -- 5.3 Addressing the Competition -- 5.3.1 Equal Moral Status -- 5.3.2 The Relative Importance of the Interests and the Obligations Triggered -- 5.3.3 Action versus Omission -- 5.3.4 Determinacy of the Harm and the Affected Individuals -- 5.4 Accommodation of Obligations -- Conclusion -- 6 Procedural Positive Obligation to Investigate 520 Positive Obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights provides novel insight into the elements underlying a state's responsibility to fulfil positive obligations. It is essential reading for academics, legal practitioners, and policymakers working across the diverse fields in which positive human rights obligations may apply. 590 Oxford University Press|bOxford University Press Open Access Books 610 20 European Court of Human Rights. 630 00 Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms|d(1950 November 5) 650 0 Human rights|zEurope. 776 08 |iPrint version:|aStoyanova, Vladislava|tPositive Obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights |dOxford : Oxford University Press, Incorporated,c2023 |z9780192888044 914 on1395181740 994 92|bSTJ
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