Part one: creating new world imagery. Christian cross as indigenous "world tree" in sixteenth-century Mexico: the "atrio" cross in the Frederick and Jan Mayer Collection / Samuel Y. Edgerton -- The reproducibility of the sacred: simulacra of the Virgin of Guadalupe / Jeanette Favrot Peterson -- Part two: negotiating new world identity. Inka nobles: portraiture and paradox in colonial Peru / Carolyn Dean -- Part three: evolving new world styles. The Mexican painter Cristóbal de Villalpando: his life and legacy / Juana Gutiérrez Haces ; Miguel de Santiago (c. 1633-1706): the creation and recreation of the Quito School / Alexandra Kennedy-Troya.