LEADER 00000cam  2200517Ki 4500 
001    ocn849935839 
003    OCoLC 
005    20160518074906.1 
006    m     o  d         
007    cr cnu---unuuu 
008    130624s2013    nyua    ob    001 0 eng d 
019    851970421|a857077819|a945078985 
020    9780231535199|q(electronic bk.) 
020    0231535198|q(electronic bk.) 
028 01 EB00640235|bRecorded Books 
035    (OCoLC)849935839|z(OCoLC)851970421|z(OCoLC)857077819
       |z(OCoLC)945078985 
040    N$T|beng|epn|erda|cN$T|dTEFOD|dJSTOR|dOCLCF|dOCLCO|dYDXCP
       |dE7B|dOCLCO|dEBLCP|dTEFOD|dOCLCQ|dOCLCO|dRECBK 
049    GTKE 
050  4 BC15|b.S54 2013eb 
082 04 160.9|223 
100 1  Shenefelt, Michael,|d1953- 
245 10 If A, then B :|bhow the world discovered logic /|cMichael 
       Shenefelt and Heidi White. 
264  1 New York :|bColumbia University Press,|c[2013] 
300    1 online resource (xiii, 333 pages) :|billustrations 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
504    Includes bibliographical references and index. 
505 0  Table of Contents; Preface; Introduction: What Is Logic?; 
       The Strange Nature of Logical Validity; What Makes a Valid
       Argument Valid?; The Divine-Command Theory of Logic; Logic
       as Culturally Invariant; Logic as Timeless and Placeless; 
       The Social History of Logic; 1. The Dawn of Logic; The 
       Effect of Geography on the Flow of Ideas; The Effect of 
       the Sea Trade; Transportation and Civilization; Classical 
       Greece as the Extreme Case; The Athenian Assembly; 2. 
       Aristotle: Greatest of the Greek Logicians; The Study of 
       Argument in India; The Singularity of Aristotle; The 
       Effect of the Athenian Assembly. 
505 8  The SophistsThe Separation of Logic from Rhetoric; 3. 
       Aristotle's System: The Logic of Classification; 
       Manipulating Classes; The Square of Opposition; The 
       Underlying Mystery of the Square; Wittgenstein's Proposed 
       Solution; Wittgenstein's Mistake; 4. Chrysippus and the 
       Stoics: A World of Interlocking Structures; The Stoics; 
       The Logic of Choice; The Nature of Compound Propositions; 
       Interlocking Forms of Argument; The Laws of Contradiction 
       and Excluded Middle; More Interlocking Forms; The Basis of
       Computer Logic; 5. Logic Versus Anti-Logic: The Laws of 
       Contradiction and Excluded Middle. 
505 8  Paradoxes of TruthThe Nature of Fuzzy Logic; Is Validity 
       Relative?; Does Formal Logic Ultimately Depend on Common 
       Sense?; 6. Logical Fanatics, Circular Reasoning, and 
       Descartes's Fundamental Principle; The Origins of the Wars
       of Religion; The Importance of Firm Foundations; The 
       Logical Complexity of Our Premises; The Origins of 
       Formalized Logic and Mathematics; The Paradoxes of 
       Formalization; The Double Meaning of ""Foundations""; The 
       Outlook of Thomas Kuhn; Kuhn's Error; Competition Between 
       Scientific Theories; 7. Will the Future Resemble the Past?
       : Inductive Logic and Scientific Method. 
505 8  The Challenge of the New LiteratureThe Triumph of the 
       Vernacular and the Growing Spirit of Equality; The Rise of
       Modern Political Theory; The Right of Dissent and the 
       Reliance on Induction; Induction as the New Rationality; 
       Aristotle's Influence on the Medievals; The Rational 
       Foundations of Induction; The Apparent Irreducibility of 
       Induction; The Assumptions of Empirical Science; 8. 
       Rhetorical Frauds and Sophistical Ploys: Ten Classic 
       Tricks; The Battle for Parliamentary Reform; Jeremy 
       Bentham and the Legacy of the Enlightenment; Bentham's 
       Book of Fallacies. 
505 8  9. Symbolic Logic and the Digital FutureThe Impact of the 
       Industrial Revolution; The Origins of Symbolic Logic; The 
       Logic of Relations; The Effect of the New Mathematics; The
       Impact of Quantification; Frege's New Foundation for 
       Mathematics; The Invention of Digital Computing; 10. Faith
       and the Limits of Logic: The Last Unanswered Question; 
       Abelard's Rise to Power; Abelard's Attack on Faith Without
       Reason; Are Faith and Reason Compatible?; The Foundations 
       of Rational Belief; Rationality After the Wars of 
       Religion; The Vigilance of Reason; Appendix: Further 
       Fallacies; Notes; Bibliography; Index. 
520    While logical principles seem timeless, placeless, and 
       eternal, their discovery is a story of personal accidents,
       political tragedies, and broad social change. If A, Then B
       begins with logic's emergence twenty-three centuries ago 
       and tracks its expansion as a discipline ever since. It 
       explores where our sense of logic comes from and what it 
       really is a sense of. It also explains what drove human 
       beings to start studying logic in the first place. Logic 
       is more than the work of logicians alone. Its discoveries 
       have survived only because logicians have also been able 
       to find a willing. 
588 0  Print version record. 
650  0 Logic|xHistory. 
650  7 PHILOSOPHY|xLogic.|2bisacsh 
650  7 PHILOSOPHY|xMovements|xAnalytic.|2bisacsh 
650  7 Logic.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01002014 
655  7 History.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01411628 
700 1  White, Heidi. 
776 08 |iPrint version:|aShenefelt, Michael, 1953-|tIf A, then B.
       |dNew York : Columbia University Press, [2013]
       |z9780231161046|w(DLC)  2013007780|w(OCoLC)824353167 
914    ocn849935839 
994    93|bGTK