LEADER 00000cam  2200493Ki 4500 
001    ocn940922565 
003    OCoLC 
005    20170927055029.4 
006    m     o  d         
007    cr ||||||||||| 
008    160223s2015    xx d    ob    000 0 eng d 
020    0833093622|q(electronic bk.) 
020    9780833093622|q(electronic bk.) 
035    (OCoLC)940922565 
037    22573/ctt19vrp8p|bJSTOR 
040    YDXCP|beng|epn|erda|cYDXCP|dJSTOR|dOCLCF|dXBM|dOCL|dCOO
       |dOCLCQ 
043    n-us-pa 
049    CKEA 
050  4 LC66.5.P4|bK37 2015eb 
082 04 338.4/73709748|223 
100 1  Karoly, Lynn A.,|d1961- 
245 10 Economic impact of achievement gaps in Pennsylvania's 
       public schools /|cLynn A. Karoly. 
264  1 Santa Monica :|bRand Corporation,|c2015. 
300    1 online resource (xxi, 99 pages) :|bcolor charts 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
504    Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-99). 
520    "Although Pennsylvania is one of the top-scoring states on
       the 2013 National Assessment of Educational Progress 
       (NAEP) on average, the achievement gaps between students 
       classified by race-ethnicity, economic status, and parent 
       education are among the largest in the country. For eighth
       -grade reading and math, the share of white students in 
       Pennsylvania achieving proficiency or above exceeds the 
       share for African-American and Latino students by as much 
       as 24 to 38 percentage points, depending on the assessment
       and subject. There are equally large differences in 
       student achievement based on family economic status and 
       parent education, as well as sizeable gaps in performance 
       across school districts. If race-ethnic or socioeconomic 
       achievement gaps were eliminated, average achievement 
       scores for Pennsylvania would match Massachusetts' result 
       (the top-scoring state on the NAEP) and likely place the 
       state among the top-scoring countries internationally ... 
       Notably, race-ethnic academic achievement gaps amount to 
       an estimated annual cost of $1 billion to $3 billion in 
       lost earnings, which equates to 6 to 15 percent of the 
       earnings for African-American and Latino workers. If 
       student performance gaps based on race-ethnicity or family
       economic status were closed for future cohorts, each 
       annual cohort in Pennsylvania would gain $3 billion to $5 
       billion in present-value lifetime compensation and 
       nonmarket benefits. These social gains from closing race-
       ethnic gaps equate to approximately $83,000 to $125,000 in
       present-value dollars per African-American and Latino 
       student."--Website. 
650  0 Academic achievement|xEconomic aspects|zPennsylvania. 
650  0 Education|xEconomic aspects|zPennsylvania. 
650  0 Minorities|xEducation|xEconomic aspects|zPennsylvania. 
650  0 Discrimination in education|xEconomic aspects
       |zPennsylvania. 
650  7 EDUCATION|xTeaching Methods & Materials|xArts & 
       Humanities.|2bisacsh 
650  7 Academic achievement|xEconomic aspects.|2fast
       |0(OCoLC)fst00794953 
650  7 Discrimination in education|xEconomic aspects.|2fast
       |0(OCoLC)fst00895039 
650  7 Education|xEconomic aspects.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00902610 
650  7 Minorities|xEducation|xEconomic aspects.|2fast
       |0(OCoLC)fst01023121 
651  7 Pennsylvania.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01204598 
914    ocn940922565 
994    92|bCKE