LEADER 00000cam  2200565Ki 4500 
001    ocn903963597 
003    OCoLC 
005    20180130102156.3 
006    m     o  d         
007    cr cn||||||||| 
008    150213t20142014dcuad   ob    000 0 eng d 
019    923291098 
020    9780309310604|q(electronic bk.) 
020    0309310601|q(electronic bk.) 
035    (OCoLC)903963597|z(OCoLC)923291098 
040    E7B|beng|erda|epn|cE7B|dCUS|dYDXCP|dN$T|dOCLCF|dEBLCP
       |dDEBSZ|dK6U|dIDB|dOCLCQ|dAGLDB|dPIFFA|dFVL|dZCU|dMERUC
       |dOCLCQ|dU3W 
043    n-us--- 
049    GTKE 
050  4 KF8965|b.I346 2014eb 
082 04 347.7367|223 
245 00 Identifying the culprit :|bassessing eyewitness 
       identification /|cCommittee on Scientific Approaches to 
       Understanding and Maximizing the Validity and Reliability 
       of Eyewitness Identification in Law Enforcement and the 
       Courts ; Committee on Science, Technology, and Law ; 
       Policy and Global Affairs ; Committee on Law and Justice ;
       Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education ;
       National Research Council of the National Academies. 
264  1 Washington, D.C. :|bThe National Academies Press,|c[2014] 
264  4 |c©2014 
300    1 online resource (xvi, 154 pages) :|billustrations, 
       charts 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
504    Includes bibliographical references. 
505 0  Eyewitness Identification Procedures -- The Legal 
       Framework for Assessment of Eyewitness Identification 
       Evidence -- Basic Research on Vision and Memory -- Applied
       Eyewitness Identification Research -- Findings and 
       Recommendations -- Appendix A: Biographical Information of
       Committee and Staff -- Appendix B: Committee Meeting 
       Agendas -- Appendix C: Consideration of Uncertainty in 
       Data on the Confidence-Accuracy Relationship and the 
       Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve. 
520    "Eyewitnesses play an important role in criminal cases 
       when they can identify culprits. Estimates suggest that 
       tens of thousands of eyewitnesses make identifications in 
       criminal investigations each year. Research on factors 
       that affect the accuracy of eyewitness identification 
       procedures has given us an increasingly clear picture of 
       how identifications are made, and more importantly, an 
       improved understanding of the principled limits on vision 
       and memory that can lead to failure of identification. 
       Factors such as viewing conditions, duress, elevated 
       emotions, and biases influence the visual perception 
       experience. Perceptual experiences are stored by a system 
       of memory that is highly malleable and continuously 
       evolving, neither retaining nor divulging content in an 
       informational vacuum. As such, the fidelity of our 
       memories to actual events may be compromised by many 
       factors at all stages of processing, from encoding to 
       storage and retrieval. Unknown to the individual, memories
       are forgotten, reconstructed, updated, and distorted. 
       Complicating the process further, policies governing law 
       enforcement procedures for conducting and recording 
       identifications are not standard, and policies and 
       practices to address the issue of misidentification vary 
       widely. These limitations can produce mistaken 
       identifications with significant consequences. What can we
       do to make certain that eyewitness identification convicts
       the guilty and exonerates the innocent? Identifying the 
       Culprit makes the case that better data collection and 
       research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement
       training protocols, standardized procedures for 
       administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling 
       of eyewitness identification in court can increase the 
       chances that accurate identifications are made. This 
       report explains the science that has emerged during the 
       past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies
       best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law 
       enforcement community and in the presentation of 
       eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue
       the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the
       report recommends a focused research agenda. Identifying 
       the Culprit will be an essential resource to assist the 
       law enforcement and legal communities as they seek to 
       understand the value and the limitations of eyewitness 
       identification and make improvements to procedures."--
       Publisher's description. 
588 0  Online resource; title from PDF cover (ebrary, viewed 
       February 13, 2015). 
650  0 Forensic psychology|zUnited States. 
650  0 Eyewitness identification|xPsychological aspects. 
650  0 Eyewitness identification|zUnited States. 
650  7 LAW|xCivil Procedure.|2bisacsh 
650  7 LAW|xLegal Services.|2bisacsh 
650  7 POLITICAL SCIENCE|xGovernment|xJudicial Branch.|2bisacsh 
650  7 Eyewitness identification.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00919273 
650  7 Eyewitness identification|xPsychological aspects.|2fast
       |0(OCoLC)fst00919274 
650  7 Forensic psychology.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst00932009 
651  7 United States.|2fast|0(OCoLC)fst01204155 
710 2  National Research Council (U.S.).|bCommittee on Scientific
       Approaches to Understanding and Maximizing the Validity 
       and Reliability of Eyewitness Identification in Law 
       Enforcement and the Courts. 
710 2  National Research Council (U.S.).|bDivision of Behavioral 
       and Social Sciences and Education. 
710 2  National Research Council (U.S.).|bCommittee on Science, 
       Technology, and Law. 
710 2  National Research Council (U.S.).|bCommittee on Law and 
       Justice. 
776 08 |iPrint version:|tIdentifying the culprit : assessing 
       eyewitness identification.|dWashington, District of 
       Columbia : The National Academies Press, ©2014|hxvi, 154 
       pages|z9780309314114 
914    ocn903963597 
994    92|bGTK